Colonoscopy

Direct visual examination of the colon, ileocecal valve, and portions of the terminal ileum by means of a fiberoptic endoscope. With the patient awake but sedated, a flexible endoscope is inserted per rectum and advanced through the various portion of the lower gastrointestinal tract. Important anatomic landmarks are identified and mucosal surfaces are examined for ulcerations, polyps, friable areas, haemorrhagic sites, neoplasms, structure, etc.